What is a 'problem statement'

• Defines and states the issue in order to frame specific questions and connects what should be happening with what is actually happening.

• Integration: a starting point for research

• Context: helps the reader(s) understand the importance of your topic and problem; who will benefit from addressing this problem

• Value: raises the awareness of the problem/issue, i.e. is this problem important to the experts in the field

• Frames the research cycle surrounding the research topic

• Supported by the literature

Examples: Which of these problem statements are good and why? Which are are not that good and how would you fix them?

• Do children living in urban neighborhoods near public transportation hubs experience more health issues than children in general?

• Why are obesity levels of families living in rural 'food deserts' higher than families living in metropolitan areas?

• Will small businesses be able to meet the health insurance needs of their disabled employees under the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?

• What are the benefits of an 'opt-out' vaccination policy?

• Do teenagers who have access to 'school-based health clinics' have a lower rate of STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) than teenagers in general?

Rowlands, Katherine Dudden. Problem Statements and Research Questions. http://www.csun.edu/~krowlands/Content/Writing_Mentor/Problem%20Statements%20and%20Research%20Questions/  [Date accessed:September 29-October 1, 2013].

Keyword Search Rules for the Library Catalog and Databases

Using AND/OR/NOT (Boolean Search Operators)
AND	Use AND to focus search and combine different aspects of your topic. Example: disease and environment
OR	Use OR to expand your search and find synonyms/related terms. Example: AIDS or HIV
NOT	Use NOT to exclude a word or phrase from your search Example: AIDS not Africa

Additional Search Tips

• "Phrase search"  - Use quotation marks " " to search for a particular phrase.
  Example: "community health"
• Truncation * - Use an asterisk to find variations of a word. Put an asterisk after the root of the word to find all variations of that word, including singular and plural.
  Example: environment* (finds environments, environmental, environmentalist, etc.)
• (Grouping/Nesting Keywords) - Use parentheses ( ) as a way to organize and group your search terms in a way that works with Boolean operators.
  Example: (AIDS or HIV) and population growth