Classics as a discipline uses a lot of abbreviations, because ANRW is easier to write than Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt.

Here are two sources of common abbreviations to refer to:

Oxford Classical Dictionary (includes authors and works as well as sources)

L'année philologique (abbreviations of journal titles)

Greek names can be confusing to start with. What's more confusing is that spellings seem to vary wildly. That's because there are a dozen different ways to convert Greek characters into the Roman alphabet. Sadly, this is also true for every other language: Greek looks slightly different in French, and in German, etc.

Morford's character glossary is a good resource for forms of names, and should cover the most common variations.

Rules of thumb

-os can be -us
-k can be -c
-o could be -o or -ω or -Ω

Basics

MLA Style examples

• note that there's a rule for how to cite a work of art

Comprehensive Tisch Citing Sources help

Citing Classical Authors

Classical works are typically referred to in the text of your paper by chapter and verse, like Scripture, rather than in conventional footnote/reference style.

Plato Protagoras 309c

Virgil Aeneid 2.250-252

Note: For more formal publication, and if it's relevant to your argument, specify the edition of the work you're using with a full reference/footnote the first time you use it.

You can also use the abbreviations from the Oxford Classical Dictionary.

How to Cite a Work of Art in MLA (from Hacker Online)

Constable, John. Dedham Vale. 1802. Oil on canvas. Victoria and Albert Museum, London.

• note: for this project it's probably fine to cite the LIMC numbers (Atalante 39) in text and include the full article information--see next item--in your Works Cited.
  

How to Cite Articles from LIMC

Boardman, John. "Atalante". Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae. Vol. 2, pt. 1. 1981. 16 vols. Print.