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Research Guides@Tufts

History 170: Islam on the Indian Ocean Rim

For Prof Kris Majapra and his students

Additional Resources

What are Chicago and Turabian Styles?

Cover of Chicago 17th edition

Citation styles from the University of Chicago Press. Used in history and political science in other disciplines within the humanities and social sciences.  Designed for students writing term papers, Turabian is a simplified version of The Chicago Manual of Style.  Note: If you can't find a citation example in the Turabian manual, see Chicago.

Chicago and Turabian provide two style options:

Notes and Bibliography.  Features: Uses footnotes, typically followed by a bibliography.  Facilitates referencing of unusual source types. Used often in the humanities, history, and business.

Author-Date System.  Features: In-text parenthetical citations of author(s) last name, publication year, and cited pages, followed by a bibliography. Used often in the sciences and social sciences.

The citation examples provided below are based on the Chicago Manual's 16th edition, published in 2010; the Chicago Q&A website provides additional information and clarifications.

Examples citations and additional resources are available on the Chicago Style Guide.

Citation Manuals: