LaTeX is an open-license document markup and preparation system that is widely used in mathematics and other scientific publishing and is based on the TeX system. It allows for approporiate typesetting of mathematical notation and often is used in conjunction with BibTeX, a software for formatting reference lists; references tracked in BibTeX can be exchanged with other reference citation manager tools (see below).
Citation metrics are a consideration not only in selecting publishing outlets and evaluating authors and publications but they involve some interesting and occasionally controversial calculations as well.